Đề thi minh họa Tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh năm 2022 - Đề số 20 (Có đáp án)

Nội dung text: Đề thi minh họa Tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh năm 2022 - Đề số 20 (Có đáp án)

1. ĐỀ CHUẨN MINH HỌA KỲ THI TỐT NGHIỆP TRUNG HỌC PHỔ THÔNG NĂM 2022 SỐ 20 Bài thi: NGOẠI NGỮ; Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH (Đề thi có 05 trang) Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút không kể thời gian phát đề Họ, tên thí sinh: Số báo danh: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 7. Birds that feed in flocks commonly retire together into roosts. The reasons for roosting communally are not always obvious, but there are some likely benefits. In winter especially, it is important for birds to keep warm at night and conserve precious food reserves. One way to do this is to find a sheltered roost. Solitary roosters shelter in dense vegetation or enter a cavity – horned larks dig holes in the ground and ptarmigan burrow into snow banks - but the effect of sheltering is magnified by several birds huddling together in the roosts, as wrens, swifts, brown creepers, bluebirds, and anis do. Body contact reduces the surface area exposed to the cold air, so the birds keep each other warm. Two kinglets huddling together were found to reduce their heat losses by a quarter, and three together saved a third of their heat. The second possible benefit of communal roosts is that they act as “information centers”. During the day, parties of birds will have spread out to forage over a very large area. When they return in the evening some will have fed well, but others may have found little to eat. Some investigators have observed that when the birds set out again next morning, those birds that did not feed well on the previous day appear to follow those that did. The behavior of common and lesser kestrels may illustrate different feeding behaviors of similar birds with different roosting habits. The common kestrel hunts vertebrate animals in a small, familiar hunting ground, whereas the very similar lesser kestrel feeds on insects over a large area. The common kestrel roosts and hunts alone, but the lesser kestrel roosts and hunts in flocks, possibly so one bird can learn from others where to find insect swarms. Finally, there is safety in numbers at communal roosts since there will always be a few birds awake at any given moment to give the alarm. But this increased protection is partially counteracted by the fact that mass roosts attract predators and are especially vulnerable if they are on the ground. Even those in trees can be attacked by birds of prey. The birds on the edge are at greatest risk since predators find it easier to catch small birds perching at the margins of the roost. (Source: Toefl-reading/1298-toefl-readings-2) Question 1: What does the passage mainly discuss? A. Why some species of birds nest together. B. How birds find and store food. C. How birds maintain body heat in the winter.D. Why birds need to establish territory. Question 2: The word "conserve" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ___ . A. share B. locate C. watch D. retain Question 3: The author mentions kinglets in paragraph 1 as an example of birds that ___ . A. protect themselves by nesting in holes B. usually feed and nest in pairs also C. nest with other species of birds D. nest together for warmth Question 4: The word "communal” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ___ . A. personal B. sociable C. individual D. shared Question 5: Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage? A. The common kestrel nests in trees; the lesser kestrel nests on the ground. B. The common kestrel nests in larger flocks than does the lesser kestrel. C. The lesser kestrel and the common kestrel have similar diets.
2. D. Children hope to get money or gifts from the Tooth Fairy. Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions. Question 13: A. ancient B. applicant C. animal D. annual Question 14: A. enabled B. featured C. announced D. valued Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 15 to 19. Going Inside Black Holes One of the strangest phenomena in the universe is the black hole. For years, scientists have studied black holes in an (15) ___ to better understand how they function. Like vacuum cleaners, black holes will suck up anything (16) ___ crosses their path. The incredible sucking power that black holes generate comes from gravity. They can quickly swallow up anything including planets, space debris, and anything else imaginable. Even light cannot escape the (17) ___ of black holes. Since they are able to pull in light, black holes are nearly impossible to see even with high-powered telescopes. (18) ___ scientists are able to detect the presence of black holes in space because of their effect on an observed area. Black holes can originate in a few ways. One type of black holes occurs when a star comes to the end of its lifecycle and it dies in a supernova explosion. They can also occur when the mass of a neutron star becomes so great that it collapses in on itself. Black holes may also occur when several large and dense stars collide with one (19) ___ in space. Question 15: A. effect B. impression C. attempt D. experience Question 16: A. who B. what C. whose D. that Question 17: A. catch B. embrace C. grasp D. achievement Question 18: A. Therefore B. However C. In fact D. Moreover Question 19: A. another B. each C. others D. other Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions. Question 20: A. alive B. happy C. patient D. honest Question 21: A. influence B. employer C. industry D. instrument Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. Question 22: The power failure at dinnertime caused consternation among the city's housewives. A. anger B. anxiety C. boredom D. calm Question 23: Don't egg him on! He gets himself into enough trouble without your encouragement. A. exploit him B. strongly encourage him C. help him out D. discourage him Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions. Question 24: There has been an appreciative drop in the number of unemployed people since the new government came to power. A. since B. in C. appreciative D. came to power Question 25: A large number of popular expressions in our language has interesting backgrounds. A. backgrounds B. expressions C. A large number D. has Question 26: The Oxford Dictionary is well-known for including many different meanings of words and to give real examples. A. The B. to give C. meanings D. well-known Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
3. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. Question 44: “No, it's not true. I didn't steal the money!” Jean said. A. Jean denied having stolen the money. B. Jean refused to steal the money. C. Jean admitted stealing the money. D. Jean did not intend to steal the money. Question 45: It's possible that Joanna didn't receive my message. A. Joanna needn't have received my message. B. Joanna shouldn't have received my message. C. Joanna can't have received my message. D. Joanna mightn't have received my message. Question 46: They think the owner of the house is abroad. A. It is thought that the owner of the house to be abroad. B. The owner of the house is thought to be abroad. C. It is thought to be abroad by the owner of the house. D. The owner of the house is thought by them that he will be abroad. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges. Question 47: - Anna: "Hi, I wonder if you could help me.” - Tom: “ ___ ” A. Sure. What's the problem? B. I need a book for my IT class. C. Thanks. I will. D. No wonder. You're always busy, Tom. Question 48: - Mary: “Would you like to join my wildlife protection team?” - Laura: “ ___ ” A. Thank you. I've always wanted to do something to help. B. Yes, I like working for this organization very much. C. There are so many wildlife protection teams. D. Where is it located? Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. Question 49: Although we argued with him for a long time, he stood his ground. A. refused to change his opinion B. changed his decision C. wanted to continued D. felt sorry for us Question 50: The restaurant entices more and more customers with its cozy interior and special daily events. A. convinces B. frees C. refuses D. attracts THE END
4. Giải thích: Từ "communal" (chung) trong đoạn 2 gần nghĩa nhất với ___ . A. personal (adj): cá nhân B. sociable (adj): hòa đồng C. individual (adj): cá nhân D. shared (adj): chung, chia sẻ Thông tin: The second possible benefit of communal roosts is that they act as “information centers”. Tạm dịch: Lợi ích thứ hai có thể có của các chỗ trú ẩn chung là chúng hoạt động như một “trung tâm thông tin”. Chọn D. 5 (VDC) Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu Giải thích: Câu nào sau đây có thể được suy ra từ đoạn văn? A. Các con chim ưng thường làm tổ trên cây; những con chim ưng nhỏ hơn làm tổ trên mặt đất. B. Những con chim ưng bình thường làm tổ trong những đàn lớn hơn là những con chim ưng nhỏ hơn. C. Chim ưng nhỏ hơn và chim ưng thông thường có chế độ ăn giống nhau. D. Những con chim ưng nhỏ hơn kiếm ăn một cách hòa đồng nhưng những con chim ưng thông thường thì không. Thông tin: The common kestrel hunts vertebrate animals in a small, familiar hunting ground, whereas the very similar lesser kestrel feeds on insects over a large area. The common kestrel roosts and hunts alone, but the lesser kestrel roosts and hunts in flocks, possibly so one bird can learn from others where to find insect swarms. Tạm dịch: Những con chim ưng thường săn các động vật có xương sống trong một vùng đất nhỏ quen thuộc, trong khi loài chim ưng tương tự như vậy nhưng nhỏ hơn lại ăn những côn trùng trên một khu vực rộng lớn. Những con chim ưng phổ biến thường trú ẩn và săn mồi một mình, nhưng những con chim ưng nhỏ hơn thì trú ẩn và săn theo bầy đàn, có thể vì vậy một con chim có thể học hỏi từ những con khác để tìm côn trùng, sâu bọ. Chọn D. 6 (VD) Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu Giải thích: Điều nào sau đây KHÔNG được đề cập trong đoạn văn như là một lợi thế của những con chim ngủ cùng nhau trong tổ? A. Một số loài chim trong đàn hoạt động như trung tâm thông tin cho những con khác đang tìm kiếm thức ăn. B. Một số thành viên trong bầy cảnh báo những con khác về những nguy hiểm sắp xảy ra. C. Một số thành viên trong bầy chăm sóc con non. D. Ở chung cung cấp nhiệt lượng lớn hơn cho cả đàn. Thông tin: A. The second possible benefit of communal roosts is that they act as “information centers”. B. Finally, there is safety in numbers at communal roosts since there will always be a few birds awake at any given moment to give the alarm. D. Body contact reduces the surface area exposed to the cold air, so the birds keep each other warm. Tạm dịch: A. Lợi ích thứ hai có thể có của các chỗ trú ẩn chung là chúng hoạt động như một “trung tâm thông tin”. B. Cuối cùng, có sự an toàn trong những con số ở những chỗ trú ẩn chung vì sẽ có một vài con chim thức dậy vào bất kỳ lúc nào để đưa ra báo động. D. Tiếp xúc cơ thể làm giảm diện tích bề mặt tiếp xúc với không khí lạnh, vì vậy các con chim giữ ấm cho nhau. Chọn C.